Ngoại Ngữ

TABLE OF CONTENTS PART A: INTRODUCTION 1 1. Rationale 1 2. Scope of the study 1 3. Aims of the study 2 4. Methodology 2 5. Design of the study 3 Chapter 1: Theoretical background 4 1.1. Translation theory 4 1.1.1. Definition of translation 4 1.1.2. Translation equivalence 4 1.1.2.1. The nature of equivalence in translation 5 1.1.2.2. Types of equivalence in translation 5 1.1.3. Common problems of non-equivalence 7 1.2. Notion of culture in translation 9 1.3. Cultural categories 10 1.4. Translation methods 11 1.5. Conclusion 13 Chapter 2: Vietnamese cultural words and...

ОГЛАВЛЕНИЕВВЕДЕНИЕ 3 ГЛАВА 1: КОММУНИКАТИВНО-ИНДИВИДУАЛИЗИРОВАННЫЙ ПОДХОД К ОБУЧЕНИЮ УСТНОЙ РЕЧИ 6 1.1. Коммуникативный подход 6 1.2. Основные положения коммуникативно-индивидуализированного подхода 7 1.2.1. Коммуникативная компетенция как конечная цель обучения 8 1.2.2. Речевое действие как единица обучения и овладения 9 1.2.3. Функциональный подход к отбору и подаче материала 10 1.2.4. Ситуативно-тематическое представление учебного материала 11 1.2.5. Учёт страноведческого аспекта 13 1.2.6. Концентрическая организация учебного материала и поэтапное обучение 14 1.2.7....

INTRODUCTION1. RATIONALENowadays English has become an international language because it is widely used in many parts of the world. In the tendency of integration of the global economy English is one of the effective communicative tools for everybody. The role of English is considered to be very important in the fields of economics, politics, science, culture and education. Especially, Vietnam’s official membership of WTO on 7th November 2006 opened a new door for integrating into the world economy, and more and more people want to learn English for communicating with foreign...

SOMMAIRE INTRODUCTION 2 CHAPITRE I : QUELQUES POINTS THÉORIQUES 4 I. Rôles de la chanson dans la classe de langue 4 I.1. Rôle psychologique 5 I.2. Rôle linguistique 6 I.3. Rôle culturel 7 II. Relation de la chanson avec des facteurs constitutifs de l’enseignement-apprentissage 8 II.1. Chanson et langue 8 II.2. Chanson et compréhension 9 II.3. Chanson et mémorisation 11 II.4. Chanson et production 11 CHAPITRE II : ÉTUDE DE CAS : LYCÉE À OPTION NGUYỄN HUỆ - HÀ ĐÔNG ET PROPOSITIONS PÉDAGOGIQUES 13 I. Présentation du manuel utilisé 13 II. Enquête 13 II.1. Déroulement de...

ВВЕДЕНИЕ Актуальность темы С тех пор как появилась потребность в обучении иностранному языку, появилась и задача поиска эффективных путей достижения этой цели. Огромное количество педагогов стремится создать конкретные системы обучения, способные обеспечить каждому учащемуся успешное овладение иностранным языком. Однако трудностей, стоящих на пути достижения этой цели достаточно много. Одна из таких трудностей связана с обучением устной речи. Еще не разработаны методы, позволяющие учитывать индивидуальные особенности обучаемых в институтах иностранных языков во Вьетнаме вообще и в...

TABLE DES MATIÈRES1. INTRODUCTION Contexte théorique et pratique de la recherche 1 2. Questions et hypothèses de la recherche 3. Objectifs de la recherche 4. Méthodes de la recherche 5. Contenu de la recherchePREMIÈRE PARTIE: CADRE THÉORIQUE CHAPITRE 1: GÉNÉRALITÉS I. Définition de l’expression écrite II. Enseignement de l’expression écrite à travers des approches III. Connaissances qui servent à l’expression écrite 1. Connaissances linguistiques 1.1. 1.2. Richesse lexicale Grammaire “intégrée” 9 2. Connaissances socio-culturelles 3. Connaissances textuelles...

INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale Since computers were invented, they have increasingly been used for multi purposes to assist people all over the world. As a result, information technology (IT) has become an essential part in all aspects of our life. Thanks to IT, everything is now becoming faster, more convenient, more comfortable and more effective. Vietnam has recently integrated itself into the whole world in applying IT in all walks of life, including education. When Vietnam joined WTO in 2006, our opportunities to push the total development of education have been increasing with IT. IT...

INTRODUCTION __________________________________________________ _____________________________1. Rationale Foreign languages have been introduced and taught in Vietnam for many years. Especially, English has become a very popular subject to be taught and paid further surveys and studies at all levels: from elementary to secondary schools and, furthermore, to tertiary education across the country. As the spread of English to almost all corners of the world, nowadays, people are getting more and more aware of the importance of the language. For many people in Vietnam, English is seen...

TABLE DES MATIÈRESINTRODUCTION 5 PREMIER CHAPITRE : FONDEMENT THÉORIQUE 8 I. CONCEPTIONS THÉORIQUES 8 1. Acte de langage 8 1.1. Notions d’acte de langage 8 1.2. Classification des actes de langage 9 1.3. Formulation des actes de langage. 11 1.3.1. Formulation directe 11 1.3.2. Formulation indirecte 12 2. Relation interpersonnelle dans l’interaction verbale 14 2.1. Relation horizontale 14 2.2. Relation verticale 15 3. Politesse 16 3.1. Notions de “face” et de “territoire” de E. Goffman 16 3.2. Modèle de politesse de Brown et Levinson 17 3.2.1. Notion de “face” 17 3.2.2....

TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements iv List of abbreviations v Part 1: Introduction 1. Rationale of the study 1 2. Aims of the study 2 3. Methods of the study 2 4. Scope of the study 2 5. Design of the study 2 Part 2: Development Chapter 1: Literature Review 4 1.1. Introduction 4 1.2. An overview of techniques, methods and approaches 4 1.2.1. Definitions 4 1.2.2. History of methods / approaches 4 1.3. An overview of communicative language teaching 5 1.3.1. Definition 5 1.3.2. Principles 5 1.3.3. Techniques for language teaching 6 1.4. Summary 6 Chapter 2: An...

TABLE OF CONTENTSAcknowledgements List of TablesINTRODUCTION 1. Rationale 2. Scope of the research 3. Aims of the research and research questions 4. Methodology 5. Background information 6. Design of the researchCHAPTER 1 – THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 1.1. The history of Critical Linguistics and Critical Discourse Analysis 1.2. Theories on Critical Discourse Analysis 1.2.1. What is Critical Discourse Analysis 1.2.2. Key notions of CDA 1.2.3. Methodology of CDA 1.2.4. Principles of CDA 1.3. Systemic Functional Linguistics and its role in CDA 1.4. CDA in...

TABLE OF CONTENTSPage Statement of authorship i Acknowledgement ii Abstract iii Table of contents iv List of abbreviations vi List of diagrams viiINTRODUCTION 1 1. Rational for the study 1 2. Significance of the study 2 3. Scope and objectives of the study 2 3.1. Scope of the study 2 3.2. Research questions 2 4. Research methods 2 5. Overview of the study 3CHAPTER 1. REVIEW OF LITERATURE 4 1.1.CHARACTERISTICS OF LEGAL LANGUAGE 4 1.1.1. An overview of legal traditions in the world 4 1.1.2. Vietnamese legal system 6 1.1.3. Vietnamese legal language 7 1.1.3.1....

Table des matières Introduction Chapitre I : Cadre théorique de la recherche I Objectifs de l’enseignement/apprentissage de l’expression orale selon l’approche communicative I.1. Objectifs de l’enseignement/apprentissage d’une langue étrangère I.1.1. Objectifs de l’enseignement/apprentissage d’une langue selon l’approche communicative : priorité à l’acquisition de la compétence de communication I.1.2. Les composantes de la compétence de communication I.2. Objectifs de l’enseignement/apprentissage de la compétence d’expression orale I.2.1. Importance de la compétence d’expression...

Table of content Acknowledgements Abstract List of abbreviations List of figures and tablesPART I: INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale 2. Aims and Objectives 3. Research questions 4. Scope of the Study 5. The significance of the study 6. Methods of study 7. Design of the study PART II: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER I: LITERATURE REVIEW 1.1. An overview of ESP 1.1.1. Definitions of ESP 1.1.2. Types of ESP 1.1.3. Terminology 1.1.3.1. Definition of terminology 1.1.3.2. Classifications of terminology 1.1.3.2.1. Single terms 1.1.3.2.2. Compound terms 1.1.3.3. Characteristics of...

Table of Contents Declaration Abstract. Acknowledgements Contents List of tables Part 1: Introduction 1. Rationale 2. Aims of the study. 3. Scope of the study 4. Methods of the study 5. Design of the study Part 2: Development Chapter 1: Theoretical Background 1. Negation in English and Vietnamese in brief 1.1 Definition of negation 1.2 Scope of negation 1.3 Focus of negation 1.3.1 End – focus 1.3.2 Contrastive focus 1.4. Relationship between Scope and Focus of negation 2. Negative questions in English 2.1 What is a negative question? 2.2 The semantic and...

INTRODUCTION1.1 Rationale Language and culture are interdependent and interactional. Culture affects the way language is used and language may reflect many factors of culture in turn. In addition, what is right in one culture may not be accepted in another culture. As people move from one country to another, cultural differences become apparent to them. For instance, American society values simple and direct communication. Being open and direct in expressing desires, preferences, and feelings or in discussing issues is highly appreciated in the United States. Americans are likely to...

IntroductionThere have been studies on similarities and differences in the realization of speech acts by Vietnamese speakers and English speakers. Nevertheless, pragmatic transfer has not been investigated in studies on Vietnamese learners of English. The influence of language learners’ linguistic and cultural background on their performance of linguistic action in a second language has been a focal concern in interlanguage pragmatics. Among non-structural factors interacting with pragmatic transfer is second language proficiency, which has been found to constrain pragmatic transfer...

INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale Recently, teaching English has improved in method in the light of the communicative, learner-centered approach which is adaptable to required objectives and helps students have many opportunities to communicate in English. However, at many high schools, teaching English still has not developed students’ ability, activeness and motivation, especially teaching grammar. I agree with Mario Rinvolucri (1984: 3): “Grammar is perhaps so serious and central in learning another language that all ways should be searched for which will focus student energy on the task...

Table des matièresIntroduction Première partie : Cadre théorique Chapitre I: Examen de l’enseignement de la grammaire à travers les méthodologies dans l’évolution didactique des langues 1.La méthodologie traditionnelle 2.La méthodologie directe 3.La méthodologie audio-orale 4. La méthodologie SGAV 5. L’approche communicative, ou l’approche notionnelle-fonctionnelle 5.1. Le contexte de naissance 5.2. Les caractéritiques principales 5.3. Les moments de classe selon l’approche communicative 6. Attitude envers la grammaire Chapitre II: L’enseignement de la grammaire selon...

INTRODUCTIONI.1 Rationale of the study: Increasing the students’ participation in language classroom activities is very crucial to the success in language learning. However, the question of how to increase the young learners’ time-on-task is really complicated. As many researchers and studies on the second language acquisition point out that the process of acquiring a second language grammar is not substantially affected by age, but the process of acquiring pronunciation, proficiency and especially, native accents is acquired better by children. That means young learners have more...