Sách Word-Formation in English: Textbooks in Linguistics

Title: Word-Formation in English: Textbooks in Linguistics

Author(s): Ingo Plag

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Date: 2002

Pages: 265

Size: 724 kB

Format: PDF

Quality: High

Language: American English

Content:

This textbook provides an accessible introduction to the study of word-formation, focussing specifically on English. Assuming no prior Linguistic knowledge, Ingo Plag explains the fundamentals of word-formation, showing how morphemes - the elements of a word's internal structure - can function both to relate words to other words, and to create new words.

Students are encouraged to undertake their own morphological analyses of English words, and are familiarised with the methodological tools to obtain and analyse relevant data. Word-Formation in English will be welcomed by all students of English Language and Linguistics.



TABLE OF CONTENTS



Introduction 1



1. Basic concepts

4

1.1. What is a word?

4

1.2. Studying word-formation

12



1.3. Inflection and derivation

18



1.4. Summary

23



Further reading

23



Exercises

24



2. Studying complex words

25



2.1. Identifying morphemes

25





2.1.1. The morpheme as the minimal linguistic sign

25





2.1.2. Problems with the morpheme: the mapping of





form and meaning

27



2.2. Allomorphy

33



2.3. Establishing word-formation rules

38



2.4. Multiple affixation

50



2.5. Summary

53



Further reading

54



Exercises

55



3. Productivity and the mental lexicon

551



3.1. Introduction: What is productivity?

551

3.2. Possible and actual words

561

3.3. Complex words in the lexicon

59

3.4. Measuring productivity

64



1 Pages 55-57 appear twice due to software-induced layout-alterations that occur when the word for

windows files are converted into PDF.

ii

3.5. Constraining productivity

73

3.5.1. Pragmatic restrictions

74

3.5.2. Structural restrictions

75

3.5.3. Blocking

79

3.6. Summary

84



Further reading

85



Exercises

85



4. Affixation

90



4.1. What is an affix?

90



4.2. How to investigate affixes: More on methodology

93



4.3. General properties of English affixation

98



4.4. Suffixes

109





4.4.1. Nominal suffixes

109





4.4.2. Verbal suffixes

116





4.4.3. Adjectival suffixes

118





4.4.4. Adverbial suffixes

123



4.5. Prefixes

123



4.6. Infixation

127



4.7. Summary

130



Further reading

131



Exercises

131



5. Derivation without affixation

134



5.1. Conversion

134





5.1.1. The directionality of conversion

135





5.1.2. Conversion or zero-affixation?

140





5.1.3. Conversion: Syntactic or morphological?

143

5.2. Prosodic morphology

145





5.2.1. Truncations: Truncated names,





-y diminutives and clippings

146





5.2.2. Blends

150



iii



5.3. Abbreviations and acronyms

160

5.4. Summary

165

Further reading

165



Exercises

166



6. Compounding

169



6.1. Recognizing compounds

169





6.1.1. What are compounds made of?

169





6.1.2. More on the structure of compounds:





the notion of head

173



6.1.3. Stress in compounds

175



6.1.4. Summary

181

6.2. An inventory of compounding patterns

181



6.3. Nominal compounds

185





6.3.1 Headedness

185





6.3.2. Interpreting nominal compounds

189



6.4. Adjectival compounds

194



6.5. Verbal compounds

197



6.6. Neo-classical compounds

198



6.7. Compounding: syntax or morphology?

203



6.8. Summary

207

Further reading

208



Exercises

209



7. Theoretical issues: modeling word-formation

211

7.1. Introduction: Why theory?

211

7.2. The phonology-morphology interaction: lexical phonology 212

7.2.1. An outline of the theory of lexical phonology

212

7.2.2. Basic insights of lexical phonology

217

7.2.3. Problems with lexical phonology

219

7.2.4. Alternative theories

222

7.3. The nature of word-formation rules

229



iv

7.3.1. The problem: word-based versus morpheme-based

morphology

230

7.3.2. Morpheme-based morphology

231

7.3.3. Word-based morphology

236

7.3.4. Synthesis

243

Further reading

244



Exercises



References

246