TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iii LIST OF TABLES .vii LIST OF FIGURES viii ABSTRACT xiii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Structural Performance of Approach Slab .1 1.2 Vehicle-Induced Bridge Dynamic Response .3 1.3 Effect of Approach Slab Condition on Bridge-Vehicle Interaction 4 1.4 Suppression of Vehicle-Induced Bridge Vibration by Using Tuned Mass Damper .4 1.5 Organization of Dissertation 5 1.6 References .7 CHAPTER 2 EFFECT OF EMBANKMENT SETTLEMENT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF CONCRETE APPROACH SLABS 12 2.1 Introduction .12 2.2 Objective and Research Approach 13 2.3 Finite Element Modeling .14 2.4 Determination of Boundary Conditions 16 2.5 Effects of Embankment Settlements on Slab Performance .19 2.6 Effects of Embankment Settlements on Slab Design 22 2.7 Development of Design Aids 25 2.8 Summary and Conclusions 30 2.9 References .30 CHAPTER 3 PERFORMANCE OF RIBBED CONCRETE APPROACH SLAB BASED ON ITS INTERACTION WITH EMBANKMENT .32 3.1 Introduction .32 3.2 Description of Finite Element Model 33 3.3 Predicted Results .35 3.4 Effect of Embankment Settlement on Beam Design .38 3.5 Conclusions .42 3.6 References .43 CHAPTER 4 VEHICLE AND BRIDGE COUPLED MODEL .45 4.1 Introduction .45 4.2 Methodology 46 4.2.1 Modeling of Vehicle 48 4.2.2 Modeling of Bridge .52 iv 4.2.3 Road Surface Condition 53 4.2.4 Assembling of Bridge-Vehicle Motion Equation 54 4.3 Numerical Example .58 4.3.1 Impact Factor and Dynamic Load Coefficient 60 4.3.2 Effect of Road Roughness .60 4.3.3 Effect of Vehicle Damping .61 4.3.4 Effect of Vehicle Rigidity .62 4.3.5 Effect of Vehicle Weight .62 4.3.6 Effect of Vehicle Speed .62 4.3.7 Results in Frequency Domain .67 4.4 Conclusions .70 4.5 References .71 CHAPTER 5 VEHICLE INDUCED DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF SHORT SPAN SLAB BRIDGES CONSIDERING EFFECT OF APPROACH SPAN CONDITION .73 5.1 Introduction .73 5.2 Vehicle-Bridge Dynamic System 74 5.2.1 Vehicle-Bridge Coupled Model 74 5.2.2 Interaction of Vehicle and Bridge .75 5.2.3 Road Surface Condition 77 5.3 Prototype of Analytical Bridge and Vehicle 78 5.4 Dynamic Response of Slab Bridges 80 5.4.1 Effect of Vehicle Speed .81 5.4.2 Effect of Approach Span Condition 85 5.4.3 Effect of Bridge Deck Surface Condition .88 5.5 Effect of Approach Span Condition on Impact Factors of Slab Bridges .90 5.6 Conclusions .93 5.7 References .93 CHAPTER 6 INFLUENCE OF APPROACH SPAN CONDITION ON VEHICLE-INDUCED DYNAMIC RESPONSE IN SLAB-ON-GIRDER BRIDGES .95 6.1 Introduction .95 6.2 Bridge-Vehicle Coupled System .96 6.2.1 Bridge-Vehicle Numerical Model .96 6.2.2 Road Surface Condition Including Approach Span Condition .98 6.3 Experimental Validation of Numerical Model 99 6.3.1 Brief Description of Bridge and Instrumentation Plan 100 6.3.2 Results of Static Tests .101 6.3.3 Results of Dynamic Tests 103 6.4 Parametric Study on Effect of Approach Span Condition .105 6.5 Results and Discussion 107 6.5.1 Bridge Dynamic Response under Different Conditions 107 6.5.2 Impact Factor (IM) 110 6.5.3 Load Distribution Factor (LDF) 115 6.6 Conclusions .116 6.7 References .117 v CHAPTER 7 SUPRESSION OF VEHICLE INDUCED BRIDGE VIBRATION USING TUNED MASS DAMPER (TMD) .120 7.1 Introduction .120 7.2 Vehicle-Bridge System with TMD 121 7.3 Numerical Examples 123 7.3.1 Case One: Two Trucks Moving Side by Side .123 7.3.2 Case Two: Trucks Moving in a Traffic Flow 131 7.4 Conclusions .135 7.5 References .136 CHAPTER 8 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .138 8.1 Performance of Approach Slab under Given Embankment Settlement 138 8.2 Effect of Approach Slab Deformation on Vehicle-Bridge Interaction 139 8.3 Suppression of Vehicle-Induced Bridge Vibration .140 8.4 Recommendations for Further Research .140 APPENDIX A: EFFECT OF EMBANKMENT SETTLEMENT ON BRIDGE APPROACH SLAB DESIGN – A FEW CONCERNED ISSUES 142 A.1 Introduction .142 A.2 Objective and Research Approach 143 A.3 Applicability of Design Aids 145 A.3.1 Analysis of Approach Alab Aubjected to HL93 Highway Load .145 A.3.2 Performance of Skewed Approach Slab .147 A.4 Capacity Rating of Special Trucks .152 A.5 Conclusions .153 A.6 References .156 APPENDIX B: PERMISSION .158 VITA .160
