Luận Văn Siêu âm tim về đánh giá chức năng tâm thất trái tâm trương (Recommendations for the Evaluation of Le

Đánh giá chức năng tâm thất trái tâm trương bằng Siêu âm tim

PREFACE
The assessment of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function should be an integral art of a routine examination, particularly in patients presenting with dyspnea or heart failure. About half of patients with new diagnoses of heart failure have normal or near normal global ejection fractions (EFs). These patients are diagnosed with “diastolic heart failure” or “heart failure with preserved EF.”1 The assessment of LV diastolic function and filling pressures is of paramount clinical importance to distinguish this syndrome from other diseases such as pulmonary disease resulting in dyspnea, to assess prognosis, and to identify underlying cardiac disease and its best treatment.
LV filling pressures as measured invasively include mean pulmonary wedge pressure or mean left atrial (LA) pressure (both in the absence of mitral stenosis), LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP; the pressure at the onset of the QRS complex or after A-wave pressure), and pre-A LV diastolic pressure (Figure 1). Although these pressures are different in absolute terms, they are closely related, and they change in a predictable progression with myocardial disease, such that LVEDP increases prior to the rise in mean LA pressure. Echocardiography has played a central role in the evaluation of LV diastolic function over the past two decades. The purposes of this document is to provide a comprehensive review of the techniques and the significance of diastolic parameters, as well as recommendations for nomenclature and reporting of diastolic data in adults. The
recommendations are based on a critical review of the literature and the consensus of a panel of experts.