Tài liệu Ống nanocarbon cho vật liệu composites

1.3.3.3 Laser assisted CVD 14
1.3.3.4 Vapor Phase Growth 14
1.3.3.5 Carbon Monoxide Disproportionation 16
1.3.4 Patent Processes 17
1.4 Purification of Carbon Nanotubes 18
1.4.1 Purification Processes 18
1.4.2 Materials Characterization 20
1.5 Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes 25
1.5.1 Theoretical Modeling 25
1.5.2 Direct Measurement 26
1.6 Physical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes 29
1.6.1 Thermal Conductivity 29
1.6.2 Electrical Behavior 30
1.7 Potential and Current Challenges 32
References 33
2 Carbon Nanotube–Metal Nanocomposites 43
2.1 Overview 43
2.2 Importance of Metal-Matrix Nanocomposites 45
V
2.3 Preparation of Metal-CNT Nanocomposites 46
2.4 Aluminum-Based Nanocomposites 47
2.4.1 Spray Forming 47
2.4.2 Powder Metallurgy Processing 51
2.4.3 Controlled Growth of Nanocomposites 57
2.4.4 Severe Plastic Deformation 57
2.5 Magnesium-Based Nanocomposites 61
2.5.1 The Liquid Metallurgy Route 61
2.5.1.1 Compocasting 61
2.5.1.2 Disintegrated Melt Deposition 61
2.5.2 Powder Metallurgy Processing 62
2.5.3 Friction Stir Processing 64
2.6 Titanium-Based Nanocomposites 64
2.7 Copper-Based Nanocomposites 65
2.7.1 Liquid Infiltration 66
2.7.2 Mechanical Alloying 66
2.7.3 Molecular Level Mixing 68
2.7.4 Electrodeposition 71
2.7.5 Patent Process 72
2.8 Transition Metal-Based Nanocomposites 73
2.8.1 Ni-Based Nanocomposites 73
2.8.2 Co-Based Nanocomposites 76
2.8.3 Fe-Based Nanocomposites 77
References 80
3 Physical Properties of Carbon Nanotube–Metal Nanocomposites 89
3.1 Background 89
3.1.1 Thermal Response of Metal-Matrix Microcomposites 91
3.2 Thermal Behavior of Metal-CNT Nanocomposites 93
3.2.1 Aluminum-Based Nanocomposites 93
3.2.2 Tin-Based Nanosolder 95
3.3 Electrical Behavior of Metal-CNT Nanocomposites 98
References 100
4 Mechanical Characteristics of Carbon Nanotube–Metal
Nanocomposites 103
4.1 Strengthening Mechanism 103
4.2 Tensile Deformation Behavior 106
4.2.1 Aluminum-Based Nanocomposites 106
4.2.2 Magnesium-Based Nanocomposites 110
4.2.3 Copper-Based Nanocomposites 112
4.2.4 Nickel-Based Nanocomposites 116
4.3 Comparison with Nanoparticle-Reinforced Metals 117
4.4 Wear 119
References 127
VI Contents
5 Carbon Nanotube–Ceramic Nanocomposites 131
5.1 Overview 131
5.2 Importance of Ceramic-Matrix Nanocomposites 133
5.3 Preparation of Ceramic-CNT Nanocomposites 136
5.4 Oxide-Based Nanocomposites 138
5.4.1 Alumina Matrix 138
5.4.1.1 Hot Pressing/Extrusion 138
5.4.1.2 Spark Plasma Sintering 142
5.4.1.3 Plasma Spraying 147
5.4.1.4 Template Synthesis 149
5.4.2 Silica Matrix 150
5.4.3 Titania Matrix 155
5.4.4 Zirconia Matrix 156
5.5 Carbide-Based Nanocomposites 157
5.5.1 Silicon Carbide Matrix 157
5.6 Nitride-Based Nanocomposites 160
5.6.1 Silicon Nitride Matrix 160
References 161
6 Physical Properties of Carbon Nanotube–Ceramic
Nanocomposites 169
6.1 Background 169
6.2 Electrical Behavior 171
6.3 Percolation Concentration 172
6.4 Electromagnetic Interference Shielding 177
6.5 Thermal Behavior 179
References 182
7 Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube–Ceramic
Nanocomposites 185
7.1 Fracture Toughness 185
7.2 Toughening and Strengthening Mechanisms 187
7.3 Oxide-Based Nanocomposites 189
7.3.1 Alumina Matrix 189
7.3.1.1 Deformation Behavior 189
7.3.2 Silica Matrix 200
7.4 Carbide-Based Nanocomposites 201
7.5 Nitride-Based Nanocomposites 205
7.6 Wear Behavior 207
References 212
8 Conclusions 215
8.1 Future Prospects 215
8.2 Potential Applications of CNT–Ceramic
Nanocomposites 217
Contents VII
8.2.1 Hydroxyapatite–CNT Nanocomposites 218
8.3 Potential Applications of CNT–Metal Nanocomposites 223
References 224
Index 227