Tài liệu Hóa học nano giữa hai bề mặt

Contents
CHAPTER 1. Second Harmonic Generation at Liquid/Liquid Interfaces 1
Jeremy G. Frey
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 SHG theory 2
1.3 Experimental techniques 6
1.4 The bare hydrocarbon/water interface 7
1.5 Adsorption of /?ara-nitrophenol 7
1.6 Flow cell experiments 10
1.7 Dye molecules at the dodecane/water interface 13
1.8 Electrochemical liquid/liquid interfaces 15
1.9 Chiral molecules at liquid/liquid interfaces 16
1.10 SHG from micelles and liposomes 17
1.11 Concluding remarks 19
CHAPTER 2. Vibrational Sum-Frequency Spectroscopic Investigations
of Molecular Interactions at Liquid/Liquid Interfaces 25
Mark R. Watry and Geraldine L. Richmond
2.1 Introduction 25
2.2 Theoretical considerations of VSFS 26
2.3 Experimental considerations 36
2.4 Applications 37
2.5 Summary and future directions 56
CHAPTER 3. Observation of Dynamic Molecular Behaviour at Liquid/Liquid
Interfaces by Using the Time-Resolved Quasi-Elastic Laser
Scattering Method 59
Hiroharu Yui, Yasuhiro Ikezoe and Tsuguo Sawada
3.1 Introduction 59
3.2 Time-resolved quasi-elastic laser scattering method 60
3.3 A phase transfer catalytic reaction at a liquid/liquid interface 64
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xii CONTENTS
3.4 A chemical oscillation induced by anionic surfactant
at a w/nb interface 69
3.5 Concluding remarks 74
CHAPTER 4. Direct Force Measurement at Liquid/Liquid Interfaces 77
Raymond R. Dagastine and Geoffery W. Stevens
4.1 Introduction 77
4.2 Types of colloidal forces 79
4.3 Atomic force microscopy at rigid interfaces 82
4.4 Force measurements at liquid interfaces 84
4.5 General behaviour of forces at liquid interfaces 89
4.6 Concluding remarks 92
CHAPTER 5. A Molecular Theory of Solutions at Liquid Interfaces 97
Andriy Kovalenko and Fumio Hirata
5.1 Introduction 97
5.2 Molecular theory of fluid phase equilibria 100
5.3 Microscopic description of liquid/liquid and
liquid/vapour interfaces 103
CHAPTER 6. Electrochemical Processes at Aqueous/Organic Solution
or Aqueous/Membrane Interfaces 127
Sorin Kihara
6.1 Introduction 127
6.2 Voltammogram for ion transfer at the w/o interface 128
6.3 Voltammogram for electron transfer at the w/o interface 131
6.4 Ion transfer coupled with electron transfer at the w/o
interface 132
6.5 Process of ion transport through a membrane 138
6.6 New types of membrane reactions mimicking biological
processes [27,28] 141
6.7 Oscillation of membrane current or membrane potential [32] 145
6.8 Conclusion 152
CHAPTER 7. Electrochemical Instability at Liquid/Liquid Interfaces 155
Takashi Kakiuchi
7.1 Introduction 155
7.2 Theoretical background 156
7.3 Experimental features of electrochemical instability in
electrochemical transfer of ionic surfactant across the
liquid/liquid interface 165
7.4 Conclusions 168
CONTENTS xiii
CHAPTER 8. Electron Transfer at Liquid/Liquid Interfaces 171
Toshiyuki Osakai and Hiroki Hotta
8.1 Introduction 171
8.2 Electron transfer at the polarizable o/w interface 172
8.3 New methodologies 175
8.4 Reaction mechanisms 177
8.5 Concluding remarks 185
CHAPTER 9. Mass Transfer and Reaction Rate in the Nano-Region
of Microdroplet/Solution Interfaces 189
Kiyoharu Nakatani and Takayuki Negishi
9.1 Introduction 189
9.2 Manipulation, electrochemistry and spectroscopy of single
microdroplets 190
9.3 Microdroplet size effect on mass transfer and reaction rate 192
9.4 Simple ion-pair extraction in a single micro-oil-droplet/
water system 194
9.5 Ion-pair extraction of an anionic surfactant with a
cationicdye 198
9.6 Concluding remarks 203
CHAPTER 10. Single Molecule Diffusion and Metal Complex Formation
at Liquid/Liquid Interfaces 205
Hitoshi Watarai and Satoshi Tsukahara
10.1 Introduction 205
10.2 Interfacial diffusion dynamics 207
10.3 Interfacial catalysis 214
10.4 Interfacial aggregation 223
10.5 Concluding remarks 228
CHAPTER 11. Molecular Recognition of Ions at Liquid/Liquid Interfaces 233
Norio Teramae, Seiichi Nishizawa, Akira Yamaguchi,
and Tatsuya Uchida
11.1 Introduction 233
11.2 Hydrogen-bond-mediated anion recognition at L/L interfaces 234
11.3 Molecular recognition at L/L interfaces as studied by second
harmonic generation spectroscopy 239
11.4 Concluding remarks 246
CHAPTER 12. Photochemistry at Liquid/Liquid Interfaces 249
Shoji Ishizaka andNoboru Kitamura
12.1 Introduction 249
12.2 Theoretical and experimental backgrounds 250
12.3 TIR fluorescence dynamic anisotropy at a liquid/liquid interface 253
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12.4 Excitation energy transfer and its dynamics
at a water/oil interface 257
12.5 Structures at a liquid/liquid interface 259
12.6 A relationship between interfacial structure and polarity
at a liquid/liquid interface 264
12.7 Photochemical observation of molecular recognition at a
liquid/liquid interface 266
12.8 Concluding remarks 267
CHAPTER 13. Development of Surfactant-Type Catalysts for Organic
Synthesis in Water 271
Kei Manabe and Shu Kobayashi
13.1 Introduction 271
13.2 Surfactant-type Lewis acids for reactions in water 273
13.3 Surfactant-type Br0nsted acids for reactions in water 278
13.4 Concluding remarks 284
CHAPTER 14. Bioseparation Through Liquid-Liquid Interfaces 287
Tsutomu Ono and Masahiro Goto
14.1 Introduction 287
14.2 Reverse micellar protein extraction 287
14.3 Extraction of DNA through liquid-liquid interfaces 298
14.4 Concluding remarks 302
Index 303