Tài liệu Global Shift Sixth Edition - Mapping the Changing Contours of the World Economy

Widely adopted throughout the world, this definitive text comprehensively examines how the global economy works and its effects on people and places. Peter Dicken provides a balanced yet critical analysis of globalization processes and debates. The text synthesizes a wealth of data on production, distribution, consumption, and innovation, including detailed case studies of key global industries. Students learn how the global economic map is being shaped and reshaped by dynamic interactions among transnational corporations, states, consumers, labor, and civil society organizations. Useful features include nearly 250 quick-reference figures and tables. The companion website offers PowerPoint slides of the figures and tables, additional case studies and questions, annotated Web links, and more.



New to This Edition
*Revised throughout to incorporate the latest ideas in the field; gives increased attention to global production networks as a major organizing principle.
*Addresses the current global financial crisis.
*Chapter on environmental impacts of global production networks.
*Case study chapter on the extractive industries.
*Fully updated empirical data; additional maps and charts.

Editorial Reviews Review Once again, Peter Dicken is at the cutting edge of the analysis of economic globalization and global trends. Global Shift is the authoritative text on these issues.--David Held, Co-Director, Centre for the Study of Global Governance, London School of Economics, United Kingdom Global Shift, Sixth Edition, continues to deconstruct globalization to show that distance (economic geography) still matters. Dicken uses insights from international business research to demonstrate that world business activity is more regional than global. Multinational enterprises are at the hub of global production networks and service delivery; they interact with governments and generally act as agents of economic development. In short, economic geography and international business are closely aligned in their approach to globalization.--Alan Rugman, Henley Business School, University of Reading, United Kingdom

A magnificent achievement. Since the publication of the first edition of Global Shift in 1986, Peter Dicken has constructed in successive editions a phenomenal record of the changing geography of capital accumulation on a world scale. The sixth edition is an essential companion for anyone concerned to understand the rapid geographical shifts occurring in the world’s economic power relations in these stressful and troubled times.--David Harvey, Distinguished Professor, Graduate Center, City University of New York The best single overview of the changing geography of the global economy. For both established scholars and students, Global Shift introduces, analyzes, and synthesizes current thinking on globalization from business studies, political science, economics, geography, and sociology. It combines readability, depth, and breadth into an approachable tour de force. Anyone teaching a class on the changing global economy will be gratified by the sixth edition's further refinements to what is already the gold standard.--Martin Kenney, Department of Human and Community Development, University of California, Davis

I am impressed by how this book continues to evolve. It has opened out to new sectors and new themes, including extractive industries and the environmental implications of a globalized economy. Global Shift is a tremendous resource; it covers a vast empirical range but is always closely attentive to the underlying processes, impacts, and meanings of globalization. Dicken's approach beautifully integrates the economic and the political with problems of equity and ethics--a rare accomplishment. Ideal for undergraduate classes across the social sciences.--Erica Schoenberger, Department of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Johns Hopkins University

The premier text for middle- and upper-level courses in economic geography and globalization. The sixth edition provides detailed treatment of the current global financial crisis and a thorough assessment of globalization’s winners and losers. It contains entirely new chapters on mineral extractive industries and on the environmental implications of global production networks. Global Shift continues to be a 'must read' for all students of the global economy.--Robin Leichenko, Department of Geography, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey



Peter Dicken, who has tracked down the 'movers and shapers' of globalization for nearly three decades, has been one of the major movers and shapers in debates in both economic geography and globalization. Once again, he offers a comprehensive account of economic geography globalization, with a masterful examination of how the global economy works and its effects on people and places. The great beauty of Global Shift is its clarity of argument and rigorous interrogation of rich, in-depth, up-to-the-minute empirical sources and examples. Although the four-part structure of the book remains familiar, the contents have been thoroughly updated and extensively rewritten. All the empirical data have been fully updated using the latest available sources as of early 2010, and two new chapters have been written As always, the book is unequivocally geographic and substantively interdisciplinary Dicken should be particularly applauded for his balanced yet critical analysis of globalization, carefully situated within the globalization-antiglobalization debate.--Economic Geography
(Economic Geography 20120701)

About the Author
Peter Dicken is Emeritus Professor of Economic Geography in the School of Environment and Development at the University of Manchester, United Kingdom. He has held visiting academic appointments at universities and research institutes in Australia, Canada, China, Hong Kong, Mexico, Singapore, Sweden, and the United States, and lectured in many other countries throughout Europe and Asia. He is an Academician of the Social Sciences, is a recipient of the Victoria Medal of the Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers) and of the Centenary Medal of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society, and holds an Honorary Doctorate from the University of Uppsala, Sweden.


Contents

1 Introduction: Questioning ‘Globalization’ 1
What in the world is going on? 1
Conflicting perspectives on ‘globalization’ 4
Grounding ‘globalization’: geography really does matter 6

PART ONE THE SHIFTING CONTOURS OF THE GLOBAL ECONOMY 11
2 Global Shift: Changing Geographies of the Global Economy 13
What’s new? The imprint of past geographies 14
Roller-coasters and interconnections 16
The changing contours of the global economic map: global shifts in production, trade and FDI 24
The dynamic global economic map 47

PART TWO PROCESSES OF GLOBAL SHIFT 49
3 Tangled Webs: Unravelling Complexity in the Global Economy 51
An analytical point of entry 51
Institutional macro-structures of the global economy 54
Global production networks 56
Even in a globalizing world, economic activities are geographically localized 69
Networks of networks 71
4 Technological Change: ‘Gales of Creative Destruction’ 75
Technology and economic transformation 76
Processes of technological change: an evolutionary perspective 76
Time–space shrinking technologies 81
Technological innovations in products and processes 97
Geographies of innovation 102
5 Transnational Corporations: The Primary ‘Movers and
Shapers’ of the Global Economy 109
Why firms transnationalize 110
How firms transnationalize 116
TNCs as ‘networks within networks’ 121
Configuring the TNCs’ internal networks 127
TNCs within networks of externalized relationships 144
Perpetual change: reshaping TNCs’ internal and external networks 158
The myth of the ‘global’ corporation 162
6 The State Really Does Matter 169
‘The state is dead’ – oh no it isn’t! 170
States as containers 172
States as regulators 178
States as competitors 199
States as collaborators 202
7 The Uneasy Relationship between TNCs and States:
Dynamics of Conflict and Collaboration 221
The ties that bind 221
Bargaining processes between TNCs and states 225

PART THREE THE PICTURE IN DIFFERENT ECONOMIC SECTORS 241
8 ‘Making Holes in the Ground’: The Extractive Industries 243
Beginning at the beginning 243
Production circuits in the extractive industries 245
Global shifts in the extractive industries 247
Volatile demand 251
Technologies of exploring, extracting, refining, distributing 253
The centrality of state involvement in the extractive industries 255
Corporate strategies in the extractive industries 260
Resources, reserves and futures 266
9 ‘We Are What We Eat’: The Agro-Food Industries 270
Transformation of the food economy: the ‘local’ becomes ‘global’ 270
Agro-food production circuits 272
Global shifts in the agro-food industries 275
Consumer choices – and consumer resistances 279
Transforming technologies in agro-food production 282
The role of the state 285
Corporate strategies in the agro-food industries 288
10 ‘Fabric-ating Fashion’: The Clothing Industries 301
Changing rules 302
The clothing production circuit 302
Global shifts in the clothing industries 304
Changing patterns of consumption 306
Production costs and technology 308
The role of the state and the Multi-Fibre Arrangement 312
Corporate strategies in the clothing industries 314
Regionalizing production networks in the clothing industries 322
11 ‘Wheels of Change’: The Automobile Industry 331
All change? 331
The automobile production circuit 332
Global shifts in automobile production and trade 334
Changing patterns of consumption 337
Technological change in the automobile industry 339
The role of the state 342
Corporate strategies in the automobile industry 344
Regionalizing production networks in the automobile industry 356
12 ‘Making the World Go Round’: Advanced Business Services – Especially Finance 367
The centrality of advanced business services 368
The structure of advanced business services 369
Dynamics of the markets for advanced business services 372
Technological innovation and advanced business services 373
The role of the state: regulation, deregulation, reregulation 377
Corporate strategies in advanced business services 380
Geographies of advanced business services 390
13 ‘Making the Connections, Moving the Goods’:
Logistics and Distribution Services 399
Taking distribution for granted 399
The structure of logistics and distribution services 400
The dynamics of the market for logistics services 403
Technological innovation and logistics and distribution services 404
The role of the state: regulation and deregulation of logistics and distribution services 410
Corporate strategies in logistics and distribution services 413
Logistics ‘places’: key geographical nodes on the global logistics map 423

PART FOUR WINNING AND LOSING IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY 427
14 ‘Capturing Value’ within Global Production Networks 429
Placing places in GPNs 429
Creating, enhancing and capturing value in GPNs 432
Upgrading (or downgrading) of local economies within GPNs 433
15 ‘Destroying Value’: Environmental Impacts of Global Production Networks 454
Production–distribution–consumption as a system of materials flows and balances 454
Disturbing the delicate balance of life on earth: damaging the earth’s atmosphere 457
Fouling the nest: creating and disposing of waste 467
16 Winning and Losing: Where You Live Really Matters 475
Location matters 476
Incomes and poverty 479
Where will the jobs come from? 492
Populations on the move 511
17 Making the World a Better Place 524
Global shifts: pasts and futures 525
‘The best of all possible worlds’? 528
TNCs and corporate social responsibility 530
States and issues of global governance 537
A better world 550