Tài liệu Framework Class Library Overview

In Chapter 3, we focused on some of the key aspects of the .NET Framework
and how to leverage them from C#. However, access to these capabilities
isn’t limited to C#.
Almost all the capabilities of the .NET Framework are exposed via a set of
managed types known as the .NET Framework Class Library (FCL).
Because these types are CLS-compliant, they are accessible from almost any
.NET language. FCL types are grouped logically by namespace and are
exported from a set of assemblies (DLLs) that are part of the .NET platform.
In order to work effectively in C#on the .NET platform, it is important to
understand the general capabilities in the predefined class library. However,
the library is far too large to cover completely in this book, as it encompasses
approximately 3,540 types grouped into 124 namespaces and
exported from 38 different assemblies.
Instead, in this chapter, we give an overview of the entire FCL (broken down
by logical area) and provide references to relevant types and namespaces so
you can explore their details in the .NET Framework SDK on your own.
Useful tools for exploring the FCL include the .NET Framework SDK documentation,
the WinCV.exe class browser, and the ILDasm.exe disassembler
(see Chapter 5).
Core Types
The core types are contained in the System namespace. This namespace is
the heart of the FCL and contains classes, interfaces, and attributes that all
other types depend on. The root of the FCL is the type Object, from which
all other .NET types derive. Other fundamental types are ValueType (the
base type for structs), Enum (the base type for enums), Convert (used to convert
between base types), Exception (the base type for all exceptions), and
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the boxed versions of the predefined value types. Interfaces used throughout
the FCL—such as ICloneable, IComparable, IFormattable, and
IConvertible—are defined here (see “Strings” in Chapter 3). Extended types
such as DateTime, TimeSpan, and DBNull are also available. Other classes
include support for delegates (see “Delegates” in Chapter 2), basic math
operations (see “Math” in Chapter 3), attributes (see “Attributes” in
Chapter 2), and exception handling (see “try Statements and Exceptions” in
Chapter 2).