Tiến Sĩ Evaluating the implementation of unemployment insurance in Thai Nguyen province

Luận án tiến sĩ năm 2013
Đề tài: Evaluating the implementation of unemployment insurance in Thai Nguyen province
Hoàn thiện quá trình thực hiện chính sách bảo hiểm thất nghiệp tại tỉnh Thái Nguyên
Luận án bằng tiếng Anh


TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS i
TABLE OF CONTENTS . ii
ABSTRACT v
LIST OF TABLES . vii
LIST OF FIGURES viii
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION . 1
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY . 3
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 5
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY . 6
SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS . 8
DEFINITION OF TERMS . 8
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES . 11
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 11
Unemployment insurance . 11
Coverage of unemployment insurance 19
Conditions for the enjoyment of unemployment insurance . 21
Unemployment insurance fund . 23
Unemployment insurance regimes 25
Procedures for unemployment insurance regimes . 28
REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES 34
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK . 35
CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY 37
LOCALE OF THE STUDY . 37
RESEARCH DESIGN . 41
POPULATION AND SAMPLING 41
RESEARCH INSTRUMENTATION 42
VALIDATION OF THE INSTRUMENT 43
DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE 43
DATA PROCESSING METHOD 44
STATISTICAL TREATMENT 44
CHAPTER IV: PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA . 46
PROFILE OF RESPONDENTS . 46
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE IN THAI
NGUYEN PROVINCE 51
Coverage of unemployment insurance 51
Conditions for the enjoyment of unemployment insurance . 58
Unemployment insurance fund . 62
Unemployment insurance regimes 66
Procedures for unemployment insurance regimes . 70
CHAPTER V: SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION 78
SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS . 78
Characteristics of the respondents 79
The respondents ’perception on the implementation of unemployment insurance . 80
The differences between the perceptions of employees are grouped in terms of
type of unit that employees had worked before unemployment . 83
CONCLUSIONS . 85
RECOMMENDATION . 86
Recommendations on the coverage of unemployment insurance 86
Recommendations on conditions for the enjoyment of unemployment insurance 88
Recommendations on unemployment insurance fund . 88
Recommendations on unemployment insurance regimes 89
Recommendations on procedures for unemployment insurance regimes . 89
BIBLIOGRAPHY . 91
APPENDIX A . 94
APPENDIX B . 95
APPENDIX C . 100
APPENDIX D . 104


ABSTRACT
The main purpose of this study is evaluating the implementation of
unemployment insurance (UI) in Thai Nguyen province in 2012 and propose some
recommendations to improve the implementation of the policy in the coming years.
In solving the research problem mentioned previously, this study has the
following objectives: (1) to describe the characteristics of the respondents, (2) to
determine the perception of the respondents on the implementation of UI in terms of:
coverage of UI; conditions for enjoying UI; UI fund; UI regimes; procedures for UI
regimes, (3) to compare the perceived implementation of the UI when the respondents
are grouped in terms of: type of unit that employees had worked before
unemployment, (4) to propose some recommendations to improve the implementation
of UI in Thai Nguyen province in the coming years.
In terms of structure, the thesis has five chapters. The thesis begins by defining
the research problem and questions, and providing a justification for the research study.
Chapter one also reviews the research background, and presents definitions of
terms, significance and scope of the study.
Chapter two examines the UI theory, current UI policy in Vietnam and its
implementation. This chapter also reviews previous research related to UI.
Chapter three discusses aspects of the research methodology including
research design, data collection and data analysis methods, and hypothesis testing to
support the model. Objectives of this chapter are: (1) to justify the research
methodology of this study, (2) to explain research methodology used in the study, and
(3) to demonstrate how research design, and data collection and analysis can be
utilized in this study to answer the research questions outlined in the chapter one.
vi
Chapter four presents descriptive findings of the profile of respondents, the
implementation of UI in Thai Nguyen province. Objectives of this chapter are present
gathered data, analyze and interpret about them.
Finally, chapter five where findings and conclusions are summarized and
recommendation are indicated for the current UI policy and its implementation in
Thai Nguyen province.
This study attempts to know the status of the implementation of UI in Thai
Nguyen province in 2012, especially points out shortcomings of UI and the
difficulties and limited problems of implementation process of this policy. It also
provides valuable recommendations refer to the UI policies promulgate agencies and
the UI management agencies in Thai Nguyen province in particular and the country in
general, have issued this policy more completely, have many solutions to implement it
more effectively.


CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Today, besides the development of all aspects, the world is faced with many
challenges of economic, political and social. Along with large uncertainties such as
war, violence, crime, social inequality, etc., unemployment is also becoming a hot
concern, exceeding all matters of common worrying, especially when the economic
financial crisis knock to each individual, each household in each country .
Unemployment affects not only for each employee and their families.
Unemployment of large numbers of individuals will also have very negative impacts
on society: for individuals, for economy, for the nations.
However, in market economies, unemployment is inevitable phenomenon. It
means that if there is a market economy, there is still unemployment. The problem
posed is to control the allowed unemployment rate. According to economists,
maintaining a certain unemployment rate can stimulate economic growth. But the
unemployment rate increase exceeding the permitted level will affect greatly to the
socio-economic development of the country. Because of the impact of scientific and
technological revolution and globalization, unemployment is worsening.
Unemployment became one of the problematic issues in lots of countries, which
influences strongly on the development and stability of economic - political - social
status of each country. So governments have the responses policies to resolve these two
issues depending on their conditions in each period. Among them, the UI policies are
built or improved in many countries to protect workers avoiding the feeling of
uncertainty about the economy and society.
2
When workers lose their jobs, they lose income. Hence, one of the positive
solutions is to invest to create new jobs. However this is not always possible.
Sometimes putting more money into the not strong capital economy can lead to
inflation and economic crisis, exacerbated unemployment. There is another solution
to protect workers avoiding the inadequacy of the lost jobs, so that society needs to
give them an income to offset income lost through UI. This is one of the measures
which have been interested in many countries because it not only ensures life for
individuals who are unemployed but also contributes to social stability. UI is the
process of formation and use of funds through the financial contributions of the
employee, the employer and the help of the state, in order to support of income for
workers in period they have lost their jobs, enabling them to find new jobs in the
labor market. This has important implications for individual workers and companies,
contributing to balancing role in the economy, helping to decrease social stress
caused by unemployment. That is one of the tools to implement social security
policies of each country.
Since Vietnam has begun its switch to market economy and integration into
the world economy, besides the economic - social achievement, unemployment has
been one of the very urgent problems. In our labor market, labor supply is greater than
labor demand. Every year, from 1.1 to 1.2 million people entered the work force, but
the labor’s absorptive capacity of the economy is limited. In addition, no trained or
skilled workers are high, basic training and technical workers is short. This is the
cause of unemployment or underemployment is increasingly severe. Although the
labor market needs but the level of workers do not meet the criteria of the job.
Besides, in the process of industrialization, modernization and economic
3
restructuring, innovation, sort of state enterprises, quite huge number of workers, so
many different cases, are terminated their work contracts. Moreover, in the context of
economic crisis in recent years, many small and medium enterprises, department
accounting about 98% of enterprises in Vietnam, to cut staff, proceed to or went
bankrupt, leaving workers lose their jobs. The unemployed workers fell into economic
difficulties, depressed in spirit, very easy to fall into evils. This effects to social order
- security largely.
In this situation, UI, as a mode of social insurance and a component of social
security, has been built and was officially implemented in 2009.
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
In Vietnam, UI was adopted formally from 01/01/2009 under the provisions of
Law on Social Insurance was enacted in 2006 with the following main contents:
coverage of UI; conditions for the enjoyment of UI; UI fund; UI regimes; procedures
for UI regimes.
UI is a policy to assist the unemployed to replace or partially offset the income
of workers when they lose income due to unemployment and more importantly
support the unemployed receive vocational training, supported employment for
workers soon have a job, have a stable income and life.
Nationwide, the total number of employees was 49.322 million in 2009, nearly
50.393 million in 2010, over 51.398 million people in 2011, the unemployment rate
(calculated width in urban areas) was 4.60% in 2009, 4.29% in 2010, 3.60% in 2011.
Particularly in Thai Nguyen province, the total number of employees was 665,652 people
in 2009; 677,070 people in 2010; and 685,630 people in 2011; unemployment rate
(calculated width in urban areas) was 4.46% in 2009, 4.24% in 2010, and 3.75% in 2011.


BIBLIOGRAPHY
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10/25/2010 Guiding the implementation of some articles of Decree No. 127,
issued on 12/12/2008 Regulations detailing and guiding a number of articles of
Social Insurance Law on UI
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03/01/2013 To amend and supplement a number of articles of Circular No. 32
92
14. Minh Nguyen Le (1988). Source of employment and labor, p20.
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insurance.
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"false" to get the insurance money.
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practical”, p45 – 46.
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unemployment insurance in 2010.
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unemployment insurance in 2011.
21. Thai Nguyen Job placement center (2013). Report on the implementation of
unemployment insurance in 2012.
22. Thanh Kim (2012). Many workers are not entitled to unemployment benefits.
23. The Government (1995). Decree No. 19 issued on 02/16/1995.
24. The Government (2008). Decree No. 94 issued on 22/8/2008.
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