Luận Văn A study on translation of import - export trade terms

Khóa luận tốt nghiệp
Đề tài: A study on translation of import - export trade terms

TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
PART I: INTRODUCTION 1
I. Rationale of the study 1
II. Aims of the study 1
III. Method of the study . 2
IV. Scope of the study . 2
V. Design of the study . 2
PART II: DEVELOPMENT . 4
CHAPTER ONE: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 4
I. Definition of translation 4
II. Translation methods 5
2.1. The methods which emphasize source language: 6
2.1.1. Word-for-word translation 6
2.1.2. Literal translation 6
2.1.3. Faithful translation 7
2.1.4. Semantic translation: . 7
2.2. The methods which emphasize target language: . 8
2.2.1. Translation as adaptation: . 8
2.2.2. Free translation: . 8
2.2.3. Idiomatic translation 9
2.2.4. Communicative translation . 9
2.3. Translation by using a loan word . 10
2.4. Shift or transposition translation: . 10
2.5.Translation by parraphrase 11
2.6. Translation by omission . 11
III. Equivalence in translation . 11
IV.Translation of ESP . 15
4.1.Definition of ESP 15
4.2. Types of ESP 15
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4.3. Definition of technical translation 17
V. Terms in import-export trade field 17
5.1.Definition 17
5.2. Classification of import-export trade terms . 18
5.2.1.Single terms 18
5.2.2 Compound terms . 20
CHAPTER TWO: SOME STRATEGIES APPLIED IN TRANSLATION OF
SOME COMMON IMPORT-EXPORT TRADE TERMS 22
I.The strategy applied in translation of single terms. 22
1.1. General single terms . 22
1.2. Single terms with prefixes: “non”, “anti”, “de” . 23
1.3. Single terms with suffixes: “tion”, “or”, “ee”, “er” . 24
II. Strategies applied in translation of compound terms . 25
2.1 . Shift or transposition translation 25
2.1.1. Automatic translation 25
2.1.2 . Rank-shift translation 28
2.2. Translation by omission . 29
2.3. Translation by addition 31
2.4. Translation by paraphrase using related words 32
2.5. Translation by using a loan word with or without explanation . 33
2.5.1. General terms 33
2.5.2. Acronyms 34
CHAPTER THREE: IMPLICATION 37
I. Some problems in translation process . 37
1.1.The difficulties in translation of some terms 37
1.2.The difficulties related to the polysemy in English 38
II. Some suggestions to solve the problems . 38
PART III: CONCLUSION 40
REFERENCES 41


PART I: INTRODUCTION
I. Rationale of the study
Nowadays, English is one of the most important languages in the world
simply because it is maybe the only language that truly links the whole world
together. English appears in all fields of life such as: business, education,
healthcare, culture, so on. Thus, learning and mastering English is quite
essential to everybody, especially to people often use English in work,
transaction, purchase. However, it is not true that anybody of us can use
skillfully English in any field of life. Since Vietnam joined in WTO, importexport trade with foreign countries has become an important field of
economy. Hence, it is very necessary to acquire a certain level of English
terms in this field. A number of Vietnamese learners get trouble in translating
import-export trade terms, certainly face difficulties in the translation process
due to not only the variety of Vietnamese and English words, the differences
of using specific English words but also the more and more appearance of
new terms in human activities. That is the main reason inspiring me to carry
out this study. Importantly, I hope that to some extent my study can offer a
thorough understanding about import- export trade field as well as help
Vietnamese in translation of this field terms.
II. Aims of the study
My study aims at:
- Introducing theoretical background of translation, translation methods,
terms in import-export trade field.
- Giving some strategies applied in translation of import-export trade
terms.
- Pointing out some difficulties, common mistakes possibly in the
translation process possibly made by Vietnamese learners and
suggesting some solutions.
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III. Methods of the study
In the process of studying, the following methods are employed:
- Data collection: Reading books and reference books, searching books
on the internet and collecting information from foreign websites.
- Data analysis: Selecting related document and classifying information
in terms of the aims of the study.
- Comparative and contrastive analysis: Analysing the above classified
information, arranging the information into the parts of the study.
IV. Scope of the study
Import- export trade field is an extremely large field. Due to the limitation
of time, knowledge and experience, I am not ambitious to study all matters
of this theme but only focus on translation theory and translation
strategies of some common import- export trade terms in English.
V. Design of the study
My study is divided into three main parts of which the second one is the
most important part.
- Part one : Introduction - gives out rationale, aims, scope, methods
and design of the study.
- Part two : Development - mentions the main content of the study and
it is further divided into three chapters as below:
Chapter I: Theoretical background – introduces definition of
translation, translation methods, terms in import- export trade field.
Chapter II : Some analysis, comparison, contrast – points out some
strategies in translation of some common import- export trade terms.
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Chapter III : Implication – points out some problems in translation
process and gives some suggestions to solve the problems.
- Part three: Conclusion - gives a brief summary of the main points
mentioned in the previous parts and some suggestions for further study.


PART II: DEVELOPMENT
CHAPTER ONE: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
I. Definition of translation
Translation is differently defined by many scholars from their own
points of view. Some of translation scholars defined their theories as sourceoriented theories, others regarded them as the target-oriented theories.The
following are some typical definitions that serve as basic theoretical
background for this study:
According to Wikipedia, Translation is the comprehension of the
meaning of a text and the subsequent production of an equivalent text,
likewise called a "translation", that communicates the same message in
another language.
Roger T.Bell (1991) defines Translation as the expression in another
language (target language) of what has been expressed in one language( source
language), preserving semantic and stylistic equivalencies, Translation is the
replacement of a representation of a text in one language by a representation
of an equivalent text in a second language.
The Merriam- Webster Dictionary (1974) states that Translation consists
of changing from one state or form to another, to turn into one’s own or
another’s language. Translation is basically a change of form. When we speak
the form of a language, we are referring to the actual words, phrases,
sentences, paragraphs, etc. The forms are referred to as the surface structure
of a language. It is the structural part of language which is actually seen in
print or heard in speech. In translation the form of the source language is
replaced by the form of the receptor/ target language.
John Cunnison Catford (1965) argued that Translation is the
replacement of textual material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual
material in another (TL).


REFERENCES
1. Baker M. (1992) A coursebook on translation (London Routledge)
2. Bell R.T (1991) Translation and translating : Theory and Practice
(Applied Linguistics and Language Study), London: Longman Group Ltd
3. Catford J.C (1996) A linguistic theory of translation (London Oxford
University Press)
4. Hutchinson,T. &Waters,A (1987) English for Specific Purposes: A
learning- centered approach (Cambridge University Press)
5. Jakobson R. (1959) Linguistic aspects of translation
6. Peter Newmark (1988) A text book of translation: theoretical and practical
implications (Oxford: Pergamon press)
7. Tony Dudley- Evans and Maggie Jo St John (1998) Developments in
English for Specific purposes: A multi- disciplinary approach (Cambridge
University Press)
8. GS.Ts Hoàng Văn Châu & Th.S Tô Bình Minh, Các điều kiện thương mại
quốc tế (Incoterms 2000), Nhà xuất bản khoa học và kỹ thuật
9. T.S Trần Văn Hoè , Nghiệp vụ kinh doanh xuất nhập khẩu , Nhà xuất bản
Trường Đại học Kinh tế Quốc dân
10. T.S Trần Văn Hoè , Tín dụng và thanh toán thương mại quốc tế , Nhà
xuất bản Trường Đại học Kinh tế Quốc dân.
Websites:
http://www.infodriveindia.com/Exim/Glossary_International_Trade_Terms.as
px
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http://forum.ketoanducha.com/showthread.php?t=20
http://www.asmara.com/terminology.htm
http://www.bizmove.com/export/m7q.htm
http://my.opera.com/CNQTDN/blog/tieng-anh-xuat-nhap-khau
http://www.fibre2fashion.com/texterms/exim/exim_terms5.htm
http://www.acsimpex.com/export-import-glossary/a.php
http://www.trade-resources.com/exportterminology.htm
http://forum.dichthuathaiphong.net/forum-f20/topic-t67.htm
http://www.thelanguagetranslation.com/translation-process.html